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Although MP3 is the most popular format for encoding music, it is far from the only one. There are two basic methods for compressing audio - and lost losses, and for each of these methods, there are many formats.

Lossless compression means that none of the audio data is removed during compression. Lossy compression means that audio data is permanently removed from the audio file. Lossy compression results in smaller files, but there is no way to rebuild the audio data to its original format. MP3 is an example of lossy compression.

Formats lossy compression

There are many alternatives to MP3 when it comes to encoding audio files. Microsoft had developed the WMA format to avoid the costs associated with licensing MP3. WMA files can be viewed with Windows Media Player, which is bundled with the Windows operating system as well as many other audio players. It has the same rate encoding and MP3 files of similar size.

AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) is the format preferred by Apple and is used for its popular products iTunes and the iPod. AAC files can be smaller than MP3 files because it uses more efficient encoding technology. A 96 kpbs AAC file is similar in sound quality to a 128 kbps MP3 file.

Ogg Vorbis is another type of lossy compression and uses. OGG as the file extension. It is an open-source product and unlike MP3, there are no patent restrictions on its use.

Lossless compression

For audio purists, who insists on the best possible sound quality, offers CD compression with no loss of sound quality. The compromise is bigger files sizes - while MP3 can compress audio in the range of 80% - 90% without loss of compression generally compresses the file by half.

Include popular formats losses FLAC, Monkey’s Audio, and SHN (Shorten). These formats are supported by many audio players and are very popular for archiving CD collections, as well as for electronic music.